On average, every person in the UK will have 11 different jobs in their working lives, building up a series of smaller pension pots that often get forgotten as we move from one job to the next. What happens to them and what should you do with multiple pension pots?
Should I Combine My Pensions?
If you’ve got lots of small pension pots then you may want to consider combining them into one, which is known as Pension Consolidation. Some of the reasons you might want to consider this are:
- Ability To Lower Cost Potentially Improve Returns
- Convenience
- Improved Flexibility
- Greater Fund Choice
- Uncertainty, Take The Terminal Bonus While It Is Still Payable
And some drawbacks of moving your old pensions may include:
- Cost Of Moving
- New Product May Be More Expensive
- Penalties To Transfer
- Loss Of Guaranteed Benefits (Annuity Rates, Tax-free Cash, Life Insurance)
- Loss Of Loyalty Bonuses, Terminal Bonus
So What Are The Main Reasons To Consolidate Your Old Pensions?
1. Convenience
Quite simply, It’s easier to manage your pensions if they’re in one place. You could save on administration and paperwork.
Your pension provider should send you a statement every year with the current value of your pension and the forecast for what it will be worth at retirement. With multiple pension pots you might find yourself drowning in paperwork and unable to see the wood for the trees. If you combine your pensions you’ll be able to see at a glance how much money you have saved and whether you are on track to meet your retirement goals. It’s also going to be easier to see how much you’re paying in any associated fees.
Also, when it comes to accessing your pensions it may be easier to only have to deal with one pension provider.
2) Improved Flexibility
How we can access our pension has changed massively with the arrival of Pension Freedoms and some older pensions don’t offer the flexibility that newer pensions do. Most people with a Defined Contribution pension will opt to access their pension via a Flexible Drawdown, allowing them to flexibly access their money through retirement, but not all funds allow flexi-drawdown and it can be expensive to do so from others – view our pension income drawdown calculator.
By moving your pensions into a more flexible arrangement now, you can save yourself from having to deal with this later when you want to access your pension.
3) Greater Fund Choice
Along with the flexibility of how you access your money, there is also the flexibility of how you invest your money that you should consider.
The investment world is constantly changing and there are literally thousands of investment funds available. However, some older pensions may only offer you the option of a select few investment funds and you could be missing out if these are underperforming the market.
Competition is fierce in the investing world and you may also find that some of the newer investment funds offer lower costs than their older counterparts.
4) Ability to lower cost and improve returns
Whilst it might sound like an oxymoron to be able to lower costs and improve returns at the same time, with the huge range of newer investment fund available, it may be possible to do just that. A financial adviser should be able to benchmark the success of your current pension investments against what is available in the marketplace and identify any opportunities to lower your current investment costs and/or improve the performance of your investments.
High costs and low investment performance is a double whammy that can erode the value of your pension. Sometimes you can justify paying more in fees if you’re seeing the investment performance to back it up, but you should be aiming to maximise your investment return whilst minimising the amount you’re paying out in investment costs.
Some newer investment options can offer you the same investment options for a much lower fee than you have previously been paying.
5) Uncertainty
On some old policies they can be invested in “with profit” funds, sometimes it can be the only style of fund available. These old ‘with profit’ funds can with something known as a Terminal Bonus that can get paid out when you transfer or take your retirement benefits.
It’s not uncommon for people to hold on to these types of investments because of the bonus that they pay but because of the complex rules surrounding these types of funds the bonus is not guaranteed – it can be lowered, raised and in bad market conditions, removed entirely.
If there’s a good argument for consolidating your pensions, you should consider the uncertainty of staying in these kinds of investments.
What Issues Should You Consider Before Deciding To Consolidate?
Don’t forget that there are some reasons you might want to keep your pensions where they are too. As with any Pension Transfer, there could be risks involved
1 Cost of moving – If you’re asking a Financial Adviser to move your pensions you could end up paying Financial Adviser fees and there may also be up-front product fees for the investments you are moving into.
Now, your financial adviser might be worth their weight in gold, and the investments you’re moving into may well justify any associated fees but it’s always worth checking and being sure of any associated costs before moving your pensions.
2 Penalties to transfer – Some Pension funds may have exit penalties attached to them. In the case of an underperforming fund or one with excessively high charges, it may be worth paying this penalty to transfer into a better performing investment, but make sure your sums add up.
3 Loss of guaranteed benefits – You should never move a pension without first checking that you don’t have any guaranteed benefits attached to it. Some pensions come with guaranteed Annuity rates or you may have tax-free cash attached to that pension. If you have valuable benefits attached to a pension, you may be better off to leave it where it is.
4 New product may be more expensive – Any savvy investor will know that more expensive fees are not necessarily always a bad thing. Sometimes, you really do get what you pay for. But, again, check that you’re happy with how much you’re going to be paying. Does the potential return or added flexibility justify the higher costs? Will the new product help you meet your goals in a way that the old product couldn’t?
Why Is A Guaranteed Annuity Rate Valuable?
In the old days of pensions, when you retired, you would opt for an annuity that would pay a guaranteed rate for the rest of your retirement. Post-pension freedoms fewer people are opting to buy an annuity policy, but if you don’t like the idea of investment risk or a fluctuating income in retirement then you might want to use at least some of your retirement pot to buy an annuity. A guaranteed annuity rate could ensure that you receive a better deal than is available on the market when you retire and is not something you want to give up unless you’re absolutely certain that you won’t use it.
In rare cases, you might find that a pension has additional life insurance attached to it, either way, it’s important to know exactly what you might be giving up before you make any decisions to move your pension.